A Wall as a Weapon
By NOAM CHOMSKY
Published: February 23, 2004 NY Times
CAMBRIDGE, Mass. — It is a virtual reflex for governments to plead
security concerns when they undertake any controversial action, often
as a pretext for something else. Careful scrutiny is always in order.
Israel's so-called security fence, which is the subject of hearings
starting today at the International Court of Justice in The Hague, is
a case in point.
Few would question Israel's right to protect its citizens from terrorist
attacks like the one yesterday, even to build a security wall if that
were an appropriate means. It is also clear where such a wall would be
built if security were the guiding concern: inside Israel, within the
internationally recognized border, the Green Line established after the
1948-49 war. The wall could then be as forbidding as the authorities chose:
patrolled by the army on both sides, heavily mined, impenetrable. Such
a wall would maximize security, and there would be no international protest
or violation of international law.
This observation is well understood. While Britain supports America's
opposition to the Hague hearings, its foreign minister, Jack Straw, has
written that the wall is "unlawful." Another ministry official,
who inspected the "security fence," said it should be on the
Green Line or "indeed on the Israeli side of the line." A British
parliamentary investigative commission also called for the wall to be
built on Israeli land, condemning the barrier as part of a "deliberate"
Israeli "strategy of bringing the population to heel."
What this wall is really doing is taking Palestinian lands. It is also
— as the Israeli sociologist Baruch Kimmerling has described Israel's
war of "politicide" against the Palestinians — helping
turn Palestinian communities into dungeons, next to which the bantustans
of South Africa look like symbols of freedom, sovereignty and self-determination.
Even before construction of the barrier was under way, the United Nations
estimated that Israeli barriers, infrastructure projects and settlements
had created 50 disconnected Palestinian pockets in the West Bank. As the
design of the wall was coming into view, the World Bank estimated that
it might isolate 250,000 to 300,000 Palestinians, more than 10 percent
of the population, and that it might effectively annex up to 10 percent
of West Bank land. And when the government of Ariel Sharon finally published
its proposed map, it became clear the the wall would cut the West Bank
into 16 isolated enclaves, confined to just 42 percent of the West Bank
land that Mr. Sharon had previously said could be ceded to a Palestinian
state.
The wall has already claimed some of the most fertile lands of the West
Bank. And, crucially, it extends Israel's control of critical water resources,
which Israel and its settlers can appropriate as they choose, while the
indigenous population often lacks water for drinking.
Palestinians in the seam between the wall and the Green Line will be permitted
to apply for the right to live in their own homes; Israelis automatically
have the right to use these lands. "Hiding behind security rationales
and the seemingly neutral bureaucratic language of
military orders is the gateway for expulsion," the Israeli journalist
Amira Hass wrote in the daily Haaretz. "Drop by drop, unseen, not
so many that it would be noticed internationally and shock public opinion."
The same is true of the regular killings, terror and daily brutality and
humiliation of the past 35 years of harsh occupation, while land and resources
have been taken for settlers enticed by ample subsidies.
It also seems likely that Israel will transfer to the occupied West Bank
the 7,500 settlers it said this month it would remove from the Gaza Strip.
These Israelis now enjoy ample land and fresh water, while one million
Palestinians barely survive, their meager water supplies
virtually unusable. Gaza is a cage, and as the city of Rafah in the south
is systematically demolished, residents may be blocked from any contact
with Egypt and blockaded from the sea.
It is misleading to call these Israeli policies. They are American-Israeli
policies — made possible by unremitting United States military, economic
and diplomatic support of Israel. This has been true since 1971 when,
with American support, Israel rejected a full peace offer from Egypt,
preferring expansion to security. In 1976, the United States vetoed a
Security Council resolution calling for a two-state settlement in accord
with an overwhelming international consensus. The two-state proposal has
the support of a majority of Americans today, and could be enacted immediately
if Washington wanted to do so.
At most, the Hague hearings will end in an advisory ruling that the wall
is illegal. It will change nothing. Any real chance for a political settlement
— and for decent lives for the people of the region — depends
on the United States.
Noam Chomsky, professor of linguistics at the Massachusetts Institute
of Technology, is the author of "Hegemony or Survival: America's
Quest
for Global Dominance."